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Covered Calls

Renting out shares you already own — and the one strike rule that stops it going wrong.

2 min read

A covered call is the second half of the wheel. You own at least 100 shares, and you sell someone the right to buy them from you at a set price. You're paid a premium for that, and in exchange you give up any gain above the strike.

"Covered" means you actually hold the shares. That's what makes it a conservative trade — the obligation is satisfied by stock you already have, not by buying at whatever the market demands later.

The mechanics

  • Requirement: 100 shares per contract sold.
  • Premium: yours immediately, whatever happens after.
  • Max profit: premium + (strike − your cost basis). Both pieces are known when you open it.
  • Upside given up: everything above the strike. If the stock doubles, you still sell at the strike.
  • Downside: unchanged from just holding the shares, less the premium you collected.

Selling a call against assigned shares

You were assigned 100 shares at $50, having collected $1.20 on the put. Net basis: $48.80.

Stock now trades at $49. You sell a 30-day $52 call for $0.90.

Premium received: $90. Net basis drops to $47.90.

Below $52 at expiration: call expires worthless, you keep the shares and the $90, sell another.

Above $52: shares are called away at $52. Total profit = ($52 − $47.90) × 100 = $410.

The one rule that matters

Never sell a call below your cost basis

If your net basis is $48.80 and you sell a $47 call because the premium looks good, you have locked in a loss. Getting called away at $47 means selling for less than you paid, and the premium rarely covers the gap. This is the single most common way a profitable wheel position turns into a losing one — and it usually happens after a drop, when the higher strikes have stopped paying well and the temptation is strongest.

Wheel Folio tracks your net basis for exactly this reason: it carries every premium you've collected on the cycle into the number, so the floor you shouldn't sell below is always on screen rather than in your head.

Choosing a strike

Strike choiceEffect
Just above cost basisHighest premium, most likely to be called away, smallest capital gain
Comfortably above basisBalanced — the usual wheel choice
Well above the priceLittle premium, but you keep the shares and most of any rally

A useful question before selling: at what price would I be genuinely pleased to sell these shares? Sell that strike. It converts "my upside got capped" from a disappointment into the plan working.

What it doesn't do

A covered call is not downside protection. Collecting $0.90 on a $49 stock cushions a 1.8% fall and nothing more. If you're holding shares you're worried about, a covered call is the wrong tool — look at a collar, which pays for a protective put with the call premium.

If the shares get called away, the cycle completes and you're back to cash and selling puts. If the stock has run well past your strike and you'd rather keep it, rolling is the escape hatch.

Run the numbers: Covered Call Calculator

Premium yield, what you make if the shares get called away, and where your basis actually sits.

Educational only

Nothing here is investment, financial, or tax advice. Options carry risk, including losing more than the premium collected, and the examples use round numbers to show the mechanics rather than to suggest a trade. Read risk and position sizing before putting real money behind any of it.